{"id":126,"date":"2020-02-19T09:22:35","date_gmt":"2020-02-19T09:22:35","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/funpalaces.co.uk\/cy\/?page_id=126"},"modified":"2020-03-16T14:48:31","modified_gmt":"2020-03-16T14:48:31","slug":"o-ble-maer-syniad-yn-dod","status":"publish","type":"page","link":"https:\/\/funpalaces.co.uk\/cy\/am-palasau-hwyl\/o-ble-maer-syniad-yn-dod\/","title":{"rendered":"O ble mae’r syniad yn dod?"},"content":{"rendered":"\n
\n

O ble mae’r syniad yn dod?<\/h2>\n\n\n\n

Yn y dechrau roedd Joan a Cedric \u2026<\/p>\n<\/div><\/div>\n\n\n\n

Ym 1961 dyluniodd Joan Littlewood a Cedric Price adeilad Palas Hwyl \u2013 \u2018labordy o hwyl\u2019. Yn eu dychymyg oedd adeilad a gysylltir trwy dechnoleg \u00e2 gofodau eraill, sy’n hygyrch i’r rhai na fyddent fel arfer yn mynd i leoliadau celfyddydau neu’r canolfannau dysgu mawreddog.  <\/p>\n\n\n\n

Meddai Joan, “Dw i wir yn credu mewn cymuned. ‘Dw i wir yn credu mewn athrylith pob person. A ‘dw i wedi clywed  y mawredd hynny’n dod allan ohonynt, y peth anhygoel hynny sydd gan bobl ar y tu mewn.”  <\/p>\n\n\n\n

Dyma’r hyn a fu yn y dyluniad gwreiddiol:  <\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u201cDewiswch beth y dymunwch ei wneud – neu gwyliwch rywun arall yn ei wneud. Dysgwch sut i drin offer, paent, babanod, peirianwaith, neu ddim ond gwrando ar eich hoff g\u00e2n. Dawnsiwch, siaradwch neu cewch eich dyrchafu fel y gallwch weld sut mae pobl eraill yn gwneud i bethau weithio. Eisteddwch allan dros ofod gyda diod ac uniaethwch \u00e2’r hyn sy’n digwydd rhywle arall yn y ddinas. Rhowch gynnig ar gychwyn terfysg neu gychwyn paentiad – neu fe allech ddim ond orwedd i lawr a syllu ar yr awyr.”  <\/p>\n\n\n\n

Yn anffodus ni chr\u00ebwyd y gofod delfrydol hwnnw erioed, er y cynhaliwyd nifer o fersiynau cynnar darpar Balasau Hwyl, gan gynnwys Ffair Stratford Joan ym 1975. Yn 2013 bu i ni ail-ddychmygu Palasau Hwyl fel gofod y gallai unrhyw un ohonom ni ei greu, ble bynnag rydym yn byw, gan eirioli defnydd mwy cyfiawn o’r adeiladau a gofodau a danddefnyddir sydd gennym eisoes, a hynny wedi’i arwain yn wirioneddol gan y gymuned. Ceir blog yma am sut y dechreuodd ein fersiwn ni.  <\/p>\n\n\n\n

Yn syml, bu’r dychmygiad cyntaf hwn yn ddathliad o ganmlwyddiant Joan – yr hyn nad oeddem yn ei wybod yn 2013 oedd faint o bobl a fyddai’n cael eu cyffroi gan y syniad hwn a faint o gymunedau a fyddai’n ymgymryd ag ef ac yn rhoi eu marc eu hunain arni, gan ein helpu i’w dyfu i fod yn ymgyrch democratiaeth ddiwylliannol a’r penwythnos gweithredu blynyddol y mae’n ei gynnig erbyn hyn – pobl leol sy’n rhannu sgiliau, gan greu chwyldroadau cysylltiad bychain..<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Mae gan Stanley Mathews ddarn gwych am ddyluniad gwreiddiol y Palas Hwyl yma.<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Joan Littlewood, Cyfarwyddwr Theatr (1914-2002)<\/h2>\n\n\n\n

Ganwyd Joan yn Ne Llundain ar 6 Hydref 1914, bu iddi farw yn 2002. A hithau’n ddeunaw oed fe enillodd ysgoloriaeth i RADA ac, ar \u00f4l gadael yr ysgol ddrama’n gynnar fe gerddodd hi o Lundain i Fanceinion (bron) er mwyn dianc rhag cyfyngiadau theatr Llundain y 1930au. Ym Manceinion fe gyfarfu ag Ewan MacColl. Bu iddynt gydweithio ag actorion ac awduron, gan greu gwaith deinamig a herfeiddiol. Yn sgil ymgyrchu gwleidyddol yn ystod Rhyfel Cartref Sbaen a’r Ail Ryfel Byd, aildrefnodd y cwmni ei hun fel Theatre Workshop. Ym 1946, fe’u gwahoddwyd gan Ruth Pennyman i fyw a gweithio o Neuadd Ormesby, ac yno y buont am ddeunaw mis. Teithiodd a gweithiodd y cwmni gyda’i gilydd, gan ddatblygu’r gwaith ac ensemble seiliedig ar y mudiad Laban a aeth yn ddilysnod iddynt.  Ar ddiwedd 1952 penderfynodd y cwmni ddychwelyd i leoliad sefydlog. Dewisodd MacColl i aros yn y gogledd, symudodd Theatre Workshop i Stratford.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Roedd Theatre Royal Stratford East<\/a> yn balas adloniant adfeiliedig pan gafodd ei chymryd drosodd gan Littlewood a’i phartner Gerry Raffles ym mis Ionawr 1953. Adnewyddodd y cwmni yr adeilad a helpodd achosion mawr Joan – theatr gymunedol a gwleidyddol, perfformiad byrfyfyr, iaith y dosbarth gweithiol, cynnwys plant – i newid gwedd theatr Brydeinig.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Cafodd hi gampweithiau niferus, yn fwyaf nodedig Oh! What A Lovely War<\/a>, Fings Ain\u2019t What They Used To Be<\/a> ac A Taste of Honey. Daeth ei chynhyrchiad hi o The Quare Fellow gan Brendan Behan \u00e2 bri rhyngwladol i Behan. Cydweithiodd Joan \u00e2 llu o artistiaid ar ddechrau eu gyrfaoedd yr aethant wedyn yn enwau poblogaidd gan gynnwys Barbara Windsor, Harry H Corbett, Lionel Bart, Victor Spinelli a Murray Melvin<\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/figure>\n\n\n\n

Cedric Price, Pensaer (1934-2003) <\/h2>\n\n\n\n

Bu Price yn bensaer ac yn awdur pensaern\u00efol dylanwadol. Bu’n credu yn y syniad o ddefnyddio pensaern\u00efaeth ac addysg fel ffordd o symbylu ailddatblygiad economaidd. Ymysg nifer mawr o brosiectau eraill, gweithiodd Price ar ddylunio adardy S\u0175 Llundain<\/a> ac yntau a gynigiodd ailddatblygiad Glannau Deheuol Afon Tafwys. Dyfynnir ei ddyluniad Palas Hwyl gwreiddiol gan lawer fel ysbrydoliaeth Richard Rogers a Chanolfan Pompidou Renzo Piano<\/a>. <\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/figure>\n\n\n\n

Gordon Pask, Seibernetydd (1928-1996) <\/h2>\n\n\n\n

Tua 1963 gwahoddwyd Pask gan Joan a Price i gymryd rhan yn y prosiect, a bu iddo drefnu Pwyllgor Seiberneteg y Palas Hwyl. Gweddodd ei waith seiberneteg, sy’n ymwneud ag ymddygiad peiriannau, adborth, gwybodaeth a dysgu i’r syniad bod y Palas Hwyl yn benagored ac yn ymatebol i’w gynulleidfaoedd.  <\/p>\n\n\n\n

Er gwaethaf Ymddiriedolaeth Palas Hwyl a fu’n cynnwys y fath enwogion \u00e2 Yehudi Menuhin a Richard Buckminster Fuller, ni ddaeth y Palas Hwyl byth i fodolaeth fel lleoliad, ond cafwyd dau fersiwn cynnar. Ym 1968, creodd Joan a’i chydweithwyr BubbleCity ger Sgw\u00e2r Paternoster yng nghanol Llundain ac, ym 1975, cymeron nhw’r safle adeiladu diffaith o flaen Theatre Royal Stratford East drosodd, i greu Ffair Stratford. <\/p>\n\n\n\n

Dau fersiwn cynnar o’r Palas Hwyl <\/h2>\n\n\n\n
\"\"<\/figure>
\n

Bubble City (1968)<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Gofod a digwyddiad a ddaeth \u00e2 chynulleidfaoedd, teuluoedd, oedolion, plant, artistiaid, penseiri a dylunwyr ynghyd i berfformio i’r cyhoedd ac ennyn eu diddordeb. Darllenwch hanes yr artist ac awdur Ken Turner<\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

<\/p>\n<\/div><\/div>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/figure>
\n

Ffair Stratford (1975) <\/p>\n\n\n\n

Dyma ffair gyhoeddus a gr\u00ebwyd gan a thros bobl Stratford East. Bu’r ffair yn cynnwys popeth o fynd ar gefn asyn (yr oedd plant lleol wedi gofyn amdano) i adloniant gan Victor Spinelli a Val Walsh. Fel rhan o godi arian dros y ffair, trefnodd Littlewood “Bererindod Plant” i Eglwys Sant Paul. Cerddodd dwsinau o blant o Stratford i Eglwys Sant Paul. Ychydig iawn ohonynt oedd wedi gadael y fwrdeistref erioed, a threfnodd Littlewood i glochydd Eglwys Sant Paul gwrdd \u00e2 nhw ar risiau’r Gadeirlan – addysg ynddi’i hun.<\/p>\n<\/div><\/div>\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n

Delweddau Trwy Garedigrwydd Casgliad Archifau Theatre Royal Stratford East.<\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

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